Hdpe highdensity polyethylene is a thermoplastic derived from petroleum. Mechanical properties of high density polyethylenemodified. High density polyethylene, often abbreviated to hdpe, is a polymer whose monomer is ethylene. May 22, 2007 the uniaxial tension loading and unloading, creep and relaxation experiments on high density polyethylene hdpe have been carried out at room temperature. The electrical resistivity and tensile properties of composites formed by the. With a high strengthto density ratio, hdpe is used in the production of plastic bottles, corrosionresistant piping, geomembranes and plastic lumber. The following serves to outline the benefits of high density polyethylene hdpe. Hdpe high density polyethylene after its experimental preparation in the 1930s, the application in high frequency radar cables during world war ii, gave impetus to its commercial production. The homogeneity of the network is greatly improved by the application of triallylcyanurate tac as crosslinking agent. Of hdpe as thermal storage material in thermal storage type solar cookers pdf. The three most common methods of crosslinking polyethylene are as follows. It is sometimes called alkathene or polythene when used for hdpe pipes.
Polyethylene is the highest volume global plastic available today, produced from ethylene gas. Porous high density polyethylene implants are embedded in routine clinical practice. Typical engineering properties of high density polyethylene. The influence of the interfacial area and the particle size of caco3 filler particles on the mechanical and thermal properties of high density polyethylene hdpe was studied in this work. Linear low density polyethylene lldpe is very comparable to ldpe, with the added advantage of being altered by adjusting the formula constituents and using less energy during production. Properties comparison of high density polyethylene composites. Metal filled high density polyethylene composites electrical and. Other common polyethylene pe materials are mediumdensity polyethylene mdpe. An article of manufacture which includes a barrier layer formed of a high density polyethylene composition comprising. It is a versatile product with low moisture absorption, excellent impact resistance, high tensile strength, and good chemical and corrosion resistance. Mechanical properties of high density polyethylene fiber concrete. We investigated the structure and properties of strands of high. The density of hdpe can range from 930 to 970 kgm 3. Effect of bismuth filler on mechanical and electrical properties of high density polyethylene hdpe is described in this study.
Phase structure and properties of polyethylene terephthalate. Pdf mechanical and morphological properties of high density. Pdf mechanical properties of highdensity polyethylene. This thermoplastic is available in a range of flexibilities depending on the production process. The stressstrain behavior of hdpe under different strain rates, creep relaxation behavior at different stress strain levels have been investigated. Polyethylene, high density benham major reference works. Pdf polyblend films were prepared from highdensity polyethylene hdpe and polyllactic acid. Fundamentals of polymer chemistry pdf 48p download book. Although the presence of hdpe in the blends enabled melt. Paulownia wood pw flour was evaluated as a reinforcement for thermoplastic composites. Hdpe is a boon to developing countries like india where it is used to prevent groundwater.
Polyethylene is a whitish, semicrystalline, and effectively opaque engineering thermoplastic which, chemically, is a very high molecular weight 36 million hdpe. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. Surprisingly, we found that the mwcnts enhanced the chain orientation of hdpe, and that in the absence of mwcnts, orientation relaxation occurred in the hdpe. Pdf mechanical properties of high density polyethylene. Mechanical properties of hdpe m624 with three filler inorganic and organic. May 11, 2001 polyethylene is a whitish, semicrystalline, and effectively opaque engineering thermoplastic which, chemically, is a very high molecular weight 36 million hdpe. High density polyethylene hdpe is the most rigid of the three basic types of polyethylene resins, which also include ldpe and linear low density polyethylene lldpe. It was found that the incorporation of the calcium silicate into high density polyethylene resulted in a slight increase in the yield stress 6. Mechanical and thermal properties of rhigh density. Low density polyethylene an overview sciencedirect topics. High density polyethylene was chosen as it is a commodity polymer, easily available at economical price and easy to process. Mechanical and chemical properties of high density. Pdf high density polyethylene hdpecalcium silicate cs composites containing vinyltriethoxysilane.
Us5153039a high density polyethylene article with oxygen. High density polyethylene structure, properties, and uses. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Pdf polyethylene maufacturing and its properties abdul. It is a thermoplastic with a very high strength to density ratio. Mechanical properties of low density polyethylene springerlink. Hdpe, highdensity polyethylene, injection moulding, mechanical properties, polymer structure. Pdf polyethylene maufacturing and its properties abdul azeem. Advantages of using polyethylene for large plastic products.
Relative advantages, disadvantages and applications are listed together with a table of typical properties for this thermoplastic. Polyethylene polyethylene is classified into several different categories based mostly on its weight and branching these both determine its properties. Effect of selected injection conditions on the mechanical properties. Product safety assessment high density polyethylene hdpe. Polyethylene, light, versatile synthetic resin made from the polymerization of ethylene.
Low density polyethylene has a good balance of flexibility, strength, barrier properties, and cost and can have a wide combination of properties. The molecular weight, the molecular weight distribution and the amount of branching determine many of the mechanical and chemical properties of the end product. It has a high degree of short and long chain branching, which means that the chains do not pack into the crystal structure as well. Hdpe is the most widely used type of polyethylene and has the highest mechanical properties tensile strength and stiffness.
In burning, polyethylene resins contribute high heat and may generate a dense black smoke. Properties of high density polyethylene paulownia wood. February 26, 2014 the dow chemical company page of 7 for more information on the use of plastics in microwave ovens please visit the microwaving. High density polyethylene duct on american wire group. Mechanical properties of high density polyethylene carbon nanotube composites. Characterization flexural and tensile properties were measured. The effect of individual and combined particleboard dust pb dust and basalt fibers bfs on mechanical and thermal expansion performance of the filled virgin and recycled high density polyethylene hdpe composites was studied. The high temperature properties of the polymer are improved, its flow is reduced, and its chemical resistance is enhanced. Fires can be extinguished by conventional means with water and water mist preferred. Product safety assessment high density polyethylene hdpe resins select a topic.
The process and the properties of the materials make all the difference, however, the proof is most evident in the quality of the end product. Low density polyethylene has high clarity, is chemically inert, and has good impact strength and. Engineering properties of polyethylene 3 weight will have a comparatively high melt index. Overview of materials for high density polyethylene hdpe, injection molded. Test methods, test properties and testing frequency for high density polyethylene hdpe smooth and textured geomembranessm this specification was developed by the geosynthetic research institute gri, with the cooperation of the member organizations for general use by the public. Hdpe has a low degree of branching and thus stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength. Polyethylene is classified into several different categories based mostly on its density and branching. It has low dielectric losses, low permittivity, high resistivity, high dielectric strength and good resistance to tracking. Hdpe high density polyethylene is a thermoplastic derived from petroleum. It has therefore less strong intermolecular forces as the instantaneousdipole induceddipole attraction is less. Various blend ratios of high density polyethylene hdpe and ultrahighmolecularweight polyethylene uhmwpe were prepared with the objective of determining their suitability as biomaterials. Technical data sheet polyethylene laminated plastics.
Pdf mechanical properties of filled high density polyethylene. Effects of microstructure on creep characteristics by joy j. Polyethylene is a member of the important family of polyolefin resins. Overview of materials for high density polyethylene hdpe. It is the most widely used plastic in the world, being made into products ranging from clear food wrap and shopping bags to detergent bottles and fuel tanks. Printer friendly version pdf download download as pdf excel download. Hdpe composites with different weight percentage of bismuth 0%, 10. High density polyethylene is not only the most common type of plastic used for bottles and other rigid containers, bottles are, conversely, the most frequent use of hdpe in packaging. By utilizing different manufacturing processes, varying catalyst and comonomer types, a broad range of ethylene homopolymers and copolymers can be produced.
Pdf mechanical properties of high density polyethylenemodified. Mechanical and morphological properties of high density polyethylene and polylactide blends. Low density polyethylene ldpe is a highly flexible material with unique flow properties, making it great for plastic film applications such as shopping bags. High density polyethylene is 100% recyclable, making it an environmentally friendly product. From this relationship, we can associate changes in physical properties as shown in table 11 with changes in melt index of the material. While hdpe has lost market share to pet, the overall amount of hdpe resin used in containers has increased markedly. This guide explains about the eight most common types of synthetic organic polymers, which are commonly found in households are. Low density polyethylene has high clarity, is chemically inert, and has good impact strength and excellent tear and stress crack resistance. Polybutylene terephthalate high density polyethylene alloys. Hdpe is also nontoxic and nonstaining and meets fda and usda certification for food processing.
High density polyethylene hdpe representing the largest portion of the polyethylene applications, hdpe offers excellent impact resistance, light weight, low moisture absorption, and high tensile strength. Composites of high density polyethylene in pellet form hdpe, 25% by weight of pw, and either 0% or 5% by weight of maleated polyethylene pellets mape, were produced by twin screw compounding followed by injection molding. Polyethylene uhmwpe ultra high molecular weight pe hdpe high density pe hdxlpe high density crosslinked pe pex crosslinked pe mdpe medium density pe ldpe low density pe lldpe. Product safety assessment high density polyethylene hdpe resins.
Polyethylene grades low density polyethylene ldpe this extruded material offers good corrosion resistance and low moisture permeability. Thermomechanical, wear and fracture behavior of high. Highdensity polyethylene hdpe or polyethylene high density pehd is a thermoplastic polymer produced from the monomer ethylene. The properties of hdpe include three common variations. The history of high density polyethylene hdpe plastic. Hdpe is a hydrocarbon polymer prepared from ethylenepetroleum by a catalytic process.
Mechanical properties of high density polyethylenemodified calcium silicate composites. High density polyethylene injection of grade scpilex m624 mi 6. Geosynthetic institute gri 475 kedron avenue gei gii. The mechanical properties studied were tensile, flexural, and impact properties as. Thus obtained hdpecs composites were characterized by the thermal analyses.
Hdpe is a very versatile plastic that has a wide range of applications from pipes to storage bottles. It is a kind of thermoplastic which is famous for its tensile strength. Mechanical properties of high density polyethylene. Hdpe high density polyethylene is defined by a density of greater or equal to 0. Ldpe low density polyethylene is defined by a density range of 0. Mechanical and chemical properties of high density polyethylene. Low density polyethylene ldpe high degree of short and long chain branching density 30. Translucent in its natural form, hdpe sheets may be custom produced to match specific colors, thicknesses, sizes and finishes. Article information, pdf download for metal filled high density polyethylene. Low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, nylon, nylon 6, nylon 6,6, teflon, thermoplastic. This property data is a summary of similar materials in the matweb. Mechanical properties of filled high density polyethylene. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare hdpe to. Palm kernel shell pksfilled lowdensity polyethylene ldpe composites was studied.
Polyethylene is available in a range of flexibilities, depending on the production process. High density polyethylene hdpe resins are polymers of ethylene or copolymers of ethylene. Biomedical applications of polyethylene sciencedirect. Hdpe s5801 is a natural colored grade produced with the latest mitsui cx slurry polymerization technology exhibiting following features. History and physical chemistry of hdpe atoms, and consequently, the greater the molecular weight. It can be used in applications where corrosion resistance is important, but stiffness, high temperature, and structural strength are not. As a result, its melt viscosity is extremely high and normally can only be processed by powder sintering methods. High density polyethylene duct has been tested and proven under the most severe conditions. Effects of fluoropolymer and calcium stearate on melt flow index and mechanical properties of high density polyethylene. Properties and applications of hdpe or high density polyethylene. It was found that the rice huskhdpe composite has the best mechanical strength and creep resistance compared with peanut.
Although the density of hdpe is only marginally higher than that of low density polyethylene, hdpe has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength than ldpe. From extreme temperatures to abrasive and high tension applications in underground installations, hdpe provides quality service and economy in a wide range of uses. Ignition temperature cloud 790 f 420 c minimum radiant flux for ignition 20 kwm2. The market research report identifies and prioritizes opportunities for the polyethylene compound market in australia by application and resin type. Some properties of photocrosslinked high density polyethylene 2 mm thick sheets have been studied. Highdensity polyethylene hdpe or polyethylene highdensity pehd is a thermoplastic. This research studies the effect of ultraviolet ray and the addition of chromium trioxide cro 3 on the mechanical properties in the ratio 0. The process and the properties of the materials make all the difference, however, the proof is most evident in. Hdpe sheets high density polyethylene sheets new process. Pdf highdensity polyethyleneultrahighmolecularweight.
They should be handled and stored away from contact with direct flames andor other ignition sources. It was shown that the use of pb dust had a positive effect on improving mechanical properties and on reducing linear coefficient of thermal expansion lcte values of. May 11, 2001 better resistance to uv degradation than unmodified hdpe, however slightly more expensive then unmodified hdpe. The role of tac in promoting the crosslinking is discussed. The objective of this work is to demonstrate how the viscoelastic, thermal, rheological, hardness, wear resistance and fracture behavior of bioinert h. Synthetic polymers are humanmade polymers derived from petroleum oil. Properties of lowdensity polyethylenepalm kernel shell composites. Application high density polyethylene duct has been tested and proven under the most severe conditions. It was invented independently in the early 1950s in three different laboratories across the world. Polyethylene resins will burn when supplied adequate heat and oxygen. The physical properties of hdpe can vary depending on the molding process that is. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to.
High density polyethylene hdpe foams 450950 kgm3 were prepared by compression molding and their tensile moduli were measured in order to study the normalized elastic modulus as a function of the normalized density of closedcell foams. The high degree of branches with long chains gives molten ldpe unique and desirable flow properties. With options that run the gamut from flexible and rigid packaging to heavyduty tanks and pipelines, high density polyethylene hdpe resins from dow could be just what you need to tackle your latest challenge. Hdpe is known for its high strengthto density ratio. Other common polyethylene pe materials are medium density polyethylene mdpe. Conversely, resins with a relatively high molecular weight will yield a lower melt index. Polyethylene pe is the most widely used plastic throughout the world, and high density polyethylene hdpe is the most widely used type of polyethylene. Effect of carbon nanotube addition on structure and. Benefits of high density polyethylene hdpe clean it up. Mechanical properties value unit dineniso tensile strength at yield 25 mpa 527d638 elongation at yield 9 % 527 modulus of elasticity in tension mpa 527d638 modulus of elasticity in flexure 1400 mpa 178d 790.
23 1615 504 169 1340 602 740 8 1118 118 1013 1120 1631 390 655 432 1195 218 550 1065 1086 1531 129 1560 787 1334 1558 1075 1491 1141 1019 1184 1175 1024 1031 132 178 773 347 265